English Translation

171 2.4 The enforcement of "right of injustice" 2.4.1 Administrative punishment Administrative punishment was an effective instrument for enforcing the will of the occupiers in virtually all spheres of everyday life in the Protectorate with a wide spectrum of sanctions from block or order fines through cash penalties - in some cases with unlimited amount (e.g. in the previously mentioned vl. nař. no. 309/1940 Coll. on the adaptation of the economy of the Protectorate of the Empire to § 3 para. In the context of the cash penalty, it explicitly states that its amount is unlimited), the forfeiture of the case, the loss of the trade licence or the closure of the firm to prison sentences or internment in the training camps, while almost always leaving room for the fact to be more strictly qualified by the criminal law standards and refer to the relevant criminal court. The subject of administrative punishment could be both natural and legal persons. It was also recorded by the administrative authorities that the administrative punishment process was not more generally modified at the beginning, which was also contributed by a piece of legislation of the so-called First Republic. Although he envisaged the existence of administrative punishment in the field of police and financial (467), despite efforts to make more comprehensive regulation of administrative penalties in the substantive legal and procedural sense, there were rather partial changes during the presence of the so-called First Republic. For example, in the 1930s legal practice required the emergence of administrative liability of legal entities. However, the planned comprehensive reform of administrative punishment from 1937 did not take place in the end. (468) This was also the reason why initially the Protectorate was the standards of administrative criminal law, both substantively legal and procedural, contained in individual government regulations without ambition to unify them.