English Translation

14 very large. Due to the fear of the accumulation of too large a local national ecclesiastical authority, however, the rights of the archbishops were very soon severely circumcised by the popes. According to the new ecclesiastical code of law, the archdioceses in front of the bishops have the right of precedence and the right to a lecture cross at church IV. A. Patriarchs, primates, metropolitans, political rallies. They are entitled to govern the provincial conciliaries, but these were no longer carried out within archbishops and bishops of the German Catholic Church for many years. Only if a bishop does not fulfil his duties, the competent archbishop has the right to carry out certain episcopal acts in the upper ecclesial hierarchy (visitation, patro- only two Aemter: papacy and episciate. Practical natsbenefizienverleihung). In between, however, there are still some ranks, whose origin today is only the rights of the archbishopial courts, which are historically conditioned, and which are usually more associated with honor- than those over the episcopal courts courts 2. instance- with legal privileges. These are the Pa-. The symbol of the triarchates, primates, metropolitan seats and archbishops, however, is very shrunken. The power of the Archbishop is the pallium, a ring-shaped, with the title Patriarch goes to the 4th century. In the 16th century, black crosses of white cloth, which led the archbishop to this designation in the solemn functions of the ecclesial centres, which were particularly important for the bishops. It is mainly the episcopal clothing that is placed over the shoulders. the Eastern Church, which was reunited with Rome, with Only quite a few, this pallium will also be associated with those of this title. Simple bishops agree. The primate title, which in the 4th to 5th century de- Aside from these minor privileges, has stood the ore, today no longer has any legal significance. His bischof within his diocese enjoy the general rights of the bearers only honorary privileges. They have e.g. other bishops. on official occasions the right to precede the bishops. Also in the development of the episcopal violence has itself e. g. the Archbishop of Salzburg played the "Primary of the history of the Church a fierce dispute with the Germania" and the archbishop of Lyon the "prima of papacy. The bishops of different countries" who sought to make themselves as independent as possible from the Pope. The Metropolitans, who in their rank are essentially equal in the course of this dispute between the power of the bishop and that of the archbishops, also have papal primacy, however, the Pope as well as this did not remain much more than the rank of honor in front of other victors. In a very special way, during the course bishops has become. The rights of the archbishops were in the Middle Ages of church history the struggle between state and church 22 23