English Translation

- 34 - An intensification in the English-Russian relationship since l778 brings the increase of England's struggle against France to an English-led caper war, which has been ruthlessly waged to the detriment of all neutral powers that provide for the opponents of England. In the 17th century, England sought freedom from the seas, but since the Treaty of Utrecht, as it is today, it has adhered to the medieval principle of the so-called Treaty of Amsterdam. Consolato del mare, i.e. that the neutral trade with the enemy was suspected, were taken up, brought into English ports and released after unloading; the cargo was retained, and in a process as fast as possible, but still lasting for at least several months, the neutral owners were given up to provide proof of ownership. Enemy property was ruthlessly confiscated, for the English did not recognize the principle proclaimed by their opponents that the neutral flag also covers enemy property. However - and this term usually includes a large part of the food, but always all ship materials - even if it belonged to a neutral, it was not given free again, but according to the values determined in the process.) The observance of this principle brings immense prey to the English. 4) For the methods already applied by England to the neutrals at that time, the complaints that the English courts of the Prises with the decision on a legally completely clear matter, such as the capping of Russian ships contrary to the Treaty of Trade, are unreasonably long hesitated and neither give satisfaction to the Russian subjects nor punish the guilty, 5) 1) Stählin 2, p.605; Aleksandrenko 1, p.308-309. 2) Gerhard S.l33 on the basis of the files of the High Court of Admiralty. 3) Homely complaints Musin-Puškins at Aleksandrenko 1, p.3l4, note.4. 4) Rescript to the Sandton Simolin in London from 8.ll.1779 be1 AlekSandrenzo 2, p.200-202; cf. also Brückner p.389. 5) Alexandrocco 2, pp.200-211.