English Translation

30 Jahrbuch des Reichsprotektors — 1 From the history of the Bohemian-Moravian region Earlier In Roman times Bohemia and Moravia were settled by Celtic tribes. They were followed by the Germanic, namely in Bohemia the Markomanns, in Moravia the Quades. Repeatedly, the Germans penetrate from this area to Italy. Around the middle of the bond of the first millennium the settlement takes place by Slavic tribes, which gradually agree under the rule of the Czech tribe to a state entity. Upright the fate community of the Bohemian-Moravian region remains closely enclosed with the habitat of the German tribes, the Bohemians and Moravians from three sides. In spite of all the extreme dangers, this country remains intact even at that time, for wherever such danger rises its head, the protective power of the Frankish-Germanic and later of the German Empire works. From the south-west, for example, threatened in the 8th century. A few years later, in the area between the Danube and the Tiss, the Avars immediately endanger Bavaria. indirectly also Bohemia and Moravia — then the fist of the Germanic empire of Charlemagne penetrates the East and sweeps the Avars out of history: once again about 13 centuries later a danger comes from the East: the Hungarians threaten their western neighbours until they succumb to the power of the Deutsche Reich on the Bavarian Lechfelde. Around 800 At the time of Charlemagne (768-814), Bohemia becomes a tribute to the Empire. Every year 120 oxen and 500 marks of silver must be made by Charlemana. This obligation is occasionally broken in the following period, but lives up again and again. From Moravia, a Great Moravian Empire arises. It is oriented. Politically and culturally (Cyrill and Method) towards the East, this contrasts with the Frankish Empire, and thus leads to its imminent demise. teifenlu 845 Fourteen Bohemian nobles receive baptism in Regensburg. This Christianization means the spiritual connection of Bohemia to the Western culture of German coinage. Bohemia is now subject to the diocese of Regensburg for a year. 929 The German King Henry I wants to free the Empire from Hungarian tributary sovereignty. To this end, he must create clear conditions in the immediate vicinity of the East. In 928 he beats the Slavs in the present-day Braudenburg, in the following years he moves along the Elbe to the southeast and reaches Prague. Here Duke reigns for the first time Wenceslas the Saint. Wenzel saves the existence of people and land by imperial thought a pact with the German king and enters into the protection of the kingdom in the face of the Hungarian danger then threatening from the east. To the former tribute, a vow of loyalty by the Bohemian Duke to the German king, which was soon supplemented by a commitment to the succession of armies, is now being made. Bohemia is incorporated into the German habitat and thus into the civilized world. In the same year (28 September), Wenzel is murdered by his brother Boleslaus Wenze in Altbunzlau. Wenceslas was the representative of Christianity, which at that time was proclaimed by German messengers, and the unification with the German people's empire. Boleslaus was the irreconcilable German enemy, who rejected Christianity not so much for religious reasons, because for national reasons. The dagger strike against Duke Wenceslas was no less directed against the empire, because with Wencellus his policy of peaceful cooperation with the strong German neighbour — in other words, the idea of the empire — was also to be struck to death. Boleslaus I, the murderer of his brother Wenzel, submits himself after 14 years of war to the German emperor Otto I. In 955, his troops on the Lechfeld fought together with the imperial army against Hungary; their struggle for imperial interests meant at the same time the liberation of the Bohemian-Mauritian region from any danger. 9:3 Boleslaus II founded the diocese of Prague, with the support of the German Prague diocese Bishop Wolfgang of Regensburg. Bohemia remains in the Association of the Archdiocese of Mainz; the first bishop in Prague becomes the Saxon Thietmar. 1004 The Polish duke Boleslaus Chrobri breaks into Bohemia and blinds the Bohemian Pschemislid Duke Bolesław III and transports him to Poland. In the Scloats Bohemia-Märten threatens to fall under Polish rule. In the following wars of the empire against the Poles the brothers fight at the side of the emperor. I1o1 Bretislaus L. Achilles (with his wife Judith von Schweinfurt the first German princess on the Pschemisliden-Thron) wants to create an Ocplane Bohemian-Polish Empire, where he gets into conflict with the German imperial power. However, the acquisition of Moravia, which is based on the mission of the space, is permanent. 1085 Duke Wratislaus II. His loyalty is rewarded for his person with the royal title of first king. His brother Jaromir (as Bishop of Prague Gebhard) becomes Chancellor of the Reich. King Wratislaus outlines for the first time her special legal position in a free letter for the Prague Germans. 1158 Duke Wladislau II. (His first wife is Gertrud of Austria, Bölunens his second wife Judith of Thuringia, the Erhauerin of the first twice king stone bridge of Prague) supported by his troops the fight of Emperor Frederick I. Barbarossa in Italy. On the court day of Regensburg he receives the king's title. 8111 Duke Sobieslaus II. regulated by the well-known sobies laus named after him. Privilege the legal status of the Germans. "Know that the German privilege is free people!" Moravia becomes a wealthy margraviate. 1182 This period is characterized by a consolidation of the imperial idea charak. 10. - 12. Year. From the original obligation to perform a hundred tributes has become a state-law bond. The German emperor's consolidation has a right to the succession of the Bohemian duke or king, Rricha's idea which is his fiefman, he confirms the acquired duke's dignity and, by virtue of his own law, confers the title of king, he is entitled to the jurisprudence over the princes of Bohemia, he intervenes in the numerous throne disputes of the Pschemislids orderly. On the other hand, the Dukes and Kings of Bohemia take part in the legislative process in the Reich through their presence at the Reichstagen, obtain the honorary office of arch-gifting, are voters of the German emperor and are regarded as imperial princes. Bohemia and with it Moravia are fiefs of the german emperor, are subordinated to the Reich under state law. — In the 1198 b2w, 1212 built already German influence asserts itself. Ezbliches Pschemisl Ottokar L. receives 1198 from Philipp von Schwaben, in 1212 from the kingship of Emperor Friedrich IL. the hereditary royal dignity. His duties: duty of court when the Reichs- und Hoftage take place in Nuremberg, Bamberg or Mersehurg; compulsory military service (300 armed or 300 Mark silver).