English Translation

The 52-16 demand of Japanese innate and even strengthened by the Buddhist teaching of Zen is applied in Japanese painting, architecture, literature- and theatre art. Sami, a poet, painter, ka-ligraph, actor and art theorist, whose aesthetic treatise became the Bible as in Europe Aristotle, determined for the theatre art to imitate reality, but with perfect taste and beauty and that the role of the theatre is to distract people of all classes, low or high. The word kabuki means something extraordinary, unusual. In the 16th century, the temple dancer-nice O Kuni, dressed in a priestly robe, sang a lyrical religious song in Kyoto and danced a sacred dance. People liked it very much and soon started helping her beautiful husband, a knight without a master and a poet who invented many short dramas for her. They made a stage in the middle of a dried-up river Kamo, which flows through Kyoto and the former priestess and other girls played on it with simple theatre scenes accompanied by flutes and drums. They had great success, new girls still joined her group, O Kuni played even in front of the Shoo-gun. But the actresses had a bad influence on the morality of the people and therefore the government banned women from playing after a short period of time. Since then, men have been playing women's roles to this day. Some of them have thus taken up the role of women, that even in private life they dress and behave like women and thus create certain types of Japanese women and their psychology. Despite numerous persecutions from the feudal government, the Kabuki Theatre has constantly evolved and achieved its glory in the 17th century. After Osaka and Kyoto, Edo, today's Tókjo, became a theatre centre. The puppet theatre, which had been eclipsed for centuries by kabuki valo, was frozen on its form and the people who wanted to change, turned to the theatre with live actors, especially the games of the most famous Japanese dramatist Čikamac started to play on it. In no other country of the world the theatre had such an effect on life as at that time in Japan. It was really folk entertainment, nobles, samurai were forbidden access to the theatre and allowed to grow only classic games No. Di-foul was determined by the style of life. The theatre and heresies were an inspiration to the famous masters of the ukijae school's rafts, a fleeting life, who with unrivaled harmony of colors captured heroic attitudes and pathetic features of the most famous actors. At that time Kabuki had many excellent actors. Tojuro and Danjuro created his present form. Tojuro himself wrote many dramas. He regarded acting as a responsible art, he continued to develop, study, and watch people work in workshops, or, for example, how a pocket thief is doing and from those realistic knowledge-- he created his unrealistic acting art. Actors who came 271